Recent advancement in ferroelectric photovoltaic (FPV) materials for energy conversation and energy storage

Ferroelectric photovoltaic (FPV) materials represent a distinctive category of multifunctional materials that integrate spontaneous electric polarization with photovoltaic functionality. This dual functionality makes them highly promising for next-generation energy technologies, especially in applications involving solar energy conversion and integrated storage. This review provides recent advancements in FPV materials, covering fundamental mechanisms, synthesis methods, material engineering, and device integration. Emphasis is placed on perovskite oxides, organic–inorganic hybrids, lead-free ferroelectrics, and 2D materials, highlighting their photovoltaic performance, dielectric properties, and suitability for self-powered systems. Strategies to optimize FPV efficiency, such as domain engineering, architecture optimization, and heterostructure interfaces, are examined. This review also explores cutting-edge developments in tandem solar cells, hybrid energy systems, and multifunctional devices that bridge the gap between energy harvesting and storage. Critical challenges – including wide bandgaps, low conductivity, instability, and scalability, are analyzed, alongside current challenges and future directions in the field of FPV materials for energy applications. It highlights the need for further research on stability, scalability, and cost-effective solutions through novel materials and device architectures.