In October 2026 Alman and Vassilevska Williams refuted the 3SUM and APSP hypotheses, and with them the Exact Triangle, 3XOR, weighted k-Clique and (min,+)-convolution hypotheses. Their algorithm counts triangles through prescribed edges in lopsided tripartite graphs whose middle part has nε vertices for small ε, and Majdoddin extended its range to every ε < ln 4/(5 ln 5) ≈ 0.17227. Many conditional lower bounds were derived from the refuted hypotheses. We classify the main ones. Most of them were proved through All-Edges Sparse Triangle or offline Set Disjointness on instances that the new algorithms do not reach, namely balanced graphs and lopsided graphs with a larger middle part. We state the hypotheses that these reductions use, among them a family LSTHδ for the natural lopsided instances with middle part nδ, a lopsided form for listing a bounded number of triangles, and degree-bounded, all-nodes and batched forms of the hypothesis for balanced graphs. Most set-disjointness, dynamic-graph and triangle bounds follow from these hypotheses. In contrast, a lower bound of Goldstein, Lewenstein and Porat for Set Disjointness over small universes is false, and the trade-offs of Kopelowitz, Pettie and Porat lose their support where they use middle parts below n0.17227. The quadratic bounds for most 3SUM-hard problems in computational geometry, for jumbled indexing and for local alignment over large alphabets are unsupported. We also observe that 3SUM-Indexing now has a data structure with truly subquadratic preprocessing time and truly sublinear expected query time. Finally, we record why the closed-form analysis of the new method stops at ln 4/(5 ln 5), and we use border-rank lower bounds to exclude several natural kinds of base identity that might give a larger range. Programs, outputs and Lean proofs: doi:10.5281/zenodo.23602531. Mathematics Subject Classification (2020): 68Q17; 68Q25, 68R10, 15A69.
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Tejasvi Singh Tomar (2026) studied this question.
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