The Socio-Philosophical Interpretation of the Issue of Nation and Progress in A. Fitrat’s Views

The article analyzes the socio-philosophical essence of the issue of nation and progress on the basis of the works of Abdurauf Fitrat. It is shown that progress is interpreted in connection with the human capacity for self-development, enlightenment (ilm-ma’rifat), the responsibility of social strata, and collective action. The decline of a nation is understood not as the result of external factors but as a consequence of the nation’s own internal condition. The article reveals the relationship between the inevitability of progress as a possibility and the dependence of its realization on social action.