Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is a double-edged sword that can be used to amplify the proliferation of highly sophisticated fake news as well as to fight it. In this work, we explore a new route: using one AI to inoculate humans against fake news generated by another AI. Motivated by psychological inoculation theory, we created ‘Alex’, a conversational AI agent that engages users in an adaptive conversational dialogue designed to build cognitive resilience against AI-generated, AI-related fake news. We tested its efficacy in a Solomon four-group experiment with 542 participants. The results of a 2 × 2 ANOVA show a significant main effect of the intervention on participants’ discrimination of true and false headlines, with no significant evidence of pretest sensitization. We show that AI can be designed as a scalable, interactive conversational intervention for delivering psychological inoculation against AI-generated, AI-related fake news.
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Najjar et al. (2026) studied this question.
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