Does the duration of exposure to everolimus influence the occurrence of chronic lung allograft dysfunction?

INTRODUCTION: Everolimus has been incorporated into the immunosuppressive management of lung transplant patients. Due to its anti-proliferative properties, it is being studied in the context of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). This study aims to evaluate the factors involved in the occurrence of CLAD, as well as the effects of introducing everolimus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, single-center observational study was conducted. The population studied consisted of lung transplant patients between January 1, 2000, and August 2021, who were treated with everolimus during their follow-up. Clinical, paraclinical, and biological data were collected from the patients' medical records. RESULTS: The timing of everolimus introduction was identified as a risk factor for CLAD [OR 1.069, 95% CI: 1.017; 1.123], as well as the number of everolimus discontinuations [OR 12.660, 95% CI: 1.025; 156.329]. DISCUSSION: Our study suggests a beneficial role of everolimus in preventing CLAD, particularly when introduced early and with minimal treatment interruptions. Lung function stability was maintained in our lung transplant patients. CONCLUSION: The use of everolimus for the prevention of CLAD is encouraging. This therapeutic class demonstrates effectiveness as well as safety in long-term biological parameter outcomes in lung transplant patients.