Human dignity and its associations with self efficacy and treatment adherence in adults with type 2 diabetes in Iran

Human dignity is a foundational ethical construct in chronic illness care, yet its relationship with self-efficacy and treatment adherence in type 2 diabetes remains insufficiently understood. This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study examined the associations between perceived human dignity, diabetes self-efficacy, and treatment adherence among 200 adults with type 2 diabetes attending comprehensive health service centers in Isfahan, Iran. Data were collected using validated Persian versions of the Patient Dignity Inventory, Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale, and Modanloo Treatment Adherence Questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression. Participants had a mean age of 58.70 ± 9.10 years, and 55.5% were female. The regression models had adjusted R 2 values of 0.111 for total self-efficacy and 0.248 for total treatment adherence. These findings indicate that perceived human dignity is associated with self-efficacy and treatment adherence among adults with type 2 diabetes. Longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to clarify the temporal relationships and potential explanations for these associations.