There is a high demand for innovative and smart technologies to improve cybersecurity education and produce skilled cybersecurity professionals in a faster, more engaging manner.Gamification, in the form of Capture the Flag (CTF) platforms, are increasingly being used by educational institutions and in private and public industry sectors.A previous 2018 study by Chicone and Burton investigated Facebook's CTF platform as an open source inexpensive learning and assessment tool for undergraduate and graduate IT/cybersecurity adult students for an online university.In this comparative expansion study, the 2018 study was replicated but this time examining and comparing Facebook's CTF platform with another CTF platform called CTFd.The studies were evaluated on assessment capability.It was found that Facebook's CTF had very little to aid with assessment while CTFd provided many formative assessment features that were valuable for students as well as for faculty in determining needs for future learning.
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