Pengaruh Edukasi Gizi terhadap Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Diet pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus: Studi Pra-Eksperimental One-Group Pretest-Posttest

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with rising prevalence and complication risk. Dietary management is crucial for glycemic control, yet adherence remains low and is influenced by knowledge. This study evaluated the effect of nutrition education on dietary knowledge and adherence among patients with DM in the Prolanis community. A pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design involved 31 participants selected by total sampling. Self-administered questionnaires were used. The intervention was a single lecture session with a leaflet; outcomes were assessed 1–2 weeks later. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test and Cohen's d. Knowledge scores increased from 59.00 ± 16.02 to 80.94 ± 10.84, and adherence from 68.84 ± 9.01 to 88.81 ± 7.57. Both improvements were significant: knowledge (mean difference = 21.94; 95% CI: 15.77–28.11; p 0.001; d = 1.30) and adherence (mean difference = 19.97; 95% CI: 15.58–24.36; p 0.001; d = 1.67). Nutrition education was associated with significant short-term improvements in dietary knowledge and adherence. Without a control group, causal inference is limited.