This study aims to identify the facilitating and inhibiting factors of help-seeking behavior among victims of sexual violence through a systematic literature review (SLR). Previous studies have examined supporting factors, inhibiting factors, and sources of help separately, leaving a limited integrated understanding of the dynamics of help-seeking behavior among survivors of sexual violence. Literature searches were conducted using Google Scholar and Publish or Perish for publications from 2020–2025 and selected using the PRISMA framework. A total of 12 empirical articles were analyzed using thematic synthesis. The findings indicate that help-seeking behavior generally begins with informal sources, such as friends and family, while access to formal services tends to be lower and is not always continued. Social norms, patriarchal culture, and sexual stigma within local and indigenous contexts emerged as significant barriers, causing victims to feel ashamed, fear blame, and worry about negative social judgment. Facilitating factors include social support, awareness of the severity of the situation, literacy, and individual agency, whereas inhibiting factors include stigma, shame, minimization of abusive experiences, low trust in services, limited access, and sociocultural norms. The study highlights the importance of culturally sensitive and victim-centered services to improve victims’ access to support. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat pencarian bantuan pada korban kekerasan seksual melalui systematic literature review (SLR). Penelitian terdahulu masih membahas faktor pendukung, faktor penghambat, dan sumber bantuan secara terpisah, sehingga pemahaman yang terintegrasi mengenai dinamika help-seeking behavior pada korban kekerasan seksual masih terbatas. Pencarian literatur dilakukan menggunakan Google Scholar dan Publish or Perish dengan rentang publikasi tahun 2020–2025, serta diseleksi menggunakan alur PRISMA. Sebanyak 12 artikel empiris dianalisis menggunakan sintesis tematik. Hasil systematic literature review menunjukkan bahwa help-seeking behavior pada korban kekerasan umumnya diawali dari sumber informal seperti teman dan keluarga, sementara akses ke layanan formal cenderung lebih rendah dan tidak selalu dilanjutkan. Norma sosial, budaya patriarki, dan stigma seksual dalam konteks lokal maupun adat turut menjadi hambatan signifikan karena korban cenderung merasa malu, takut disalahkan, tidak dipercaya, serta khawatir mendapatkan penilaian negatif dari lingkungan sosial. Faktor pendukung meliputi dukungan sosial, kesadaran akan keparahan situasi, literasi, dan agency individu, sedangkan faktor penghambat mencakup stigma, rasa malu, minimisasi pengalaman, rendahnya kepercayaan terhadap layanan, keterbatasan akses, serta norma sosial budaya. Penelitian ini mengimplikasikan pentingnya pengembangan layanan yang sensitif budaya melalui pendekatan victim-centered, edukasi anti-stigma, serta pelibatan komunitas lokal untuk meningkatkan akses bantuan bagi korban kekerasan seksual.
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Firnanda et al. (2026) studied this question.
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