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This systematic review aims to evaluate the influence of geometric design modifications on the biomechanical performance of directly 3D-printed orthodontic aligners. Experimental in vitro studies will be systematically analyzed to investigate how variations in thickness, gingival margins, pressure points, and relief areas affect force delivery, moments, retention, and simulated tooth movement. The findings will identify evidence gaps and provide scientific insights to support the optimization of aligner design and orthodontic treatment.
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Matos et al. (2026) studied this question.
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