Smart Waste Management System

Manual inspection of dustbins and fixed collection schedules lead to overflowing bins, unnecessary collection trips and unhygienic surroundings. This paper proposes the Smart Waste Management System, a low-cost IoT-based system that monitors the waste level of dustbins and makes the information available through a web platform. An HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor measures the distance between the sensor and the waste surface, and an ESP32 microcontroller converts the reading into a waste level and a status (Empty, Medium, Almost Full or Full) and transmits it over Wi-Fi to a MySQL database that stores the Bin ID, location, waste level, status, date and time. A web application built with HTML5, CSS3 and JavaScript displays bin details, alerts and collection history, and Power BI is used to analyze the stored data through charts and reports that support collection planning. The system is organized into six modules: smart dustbin, ESP32 controller, database management, web application, data analysis and waste collection management. This paper presents the architecture, methodology and planned evaluation of the system; the system is at the design stage, and no experimental results are claimed.