Increasingly integrate distributed sensing with prediction and decision support in healthcare. We mapped 15,680 Scopus records published from 2011 to 2025 using performance analysis, collaboration networks, keyword co-occurrence, co-citation, bibliographic coupling, and temporal mapping. Unlike descriptive reviews, our multi-network design distinguishes inherited intellectual foundations from emerging research fronts. Five conceptual communities emerged, while recent work concentrated on federated learning, cybersecurity, edge intelligence, real-time monitoring, and digital twins. The field is shifting toward distributed, privacy-conscious architectures, yet evidence on clinical effectiveness, interoperability, equity, governance, and routine implementation remains limited across health systems.
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Mariani et al. (2026) studied this question.
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