Does medical education protect against nicotine dependence? A comparison of e-cigarette use among physiotherapy and humanities students

Background The aim of the study was to assess the use of nicotine products, the level of nicotine dependence, and the circumstances of e-cigarette use among medical (physiotherapy) and non-medical students. Materials and methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 388 students aged 18–29 from medical and non-medical universities in southern Poland. Data were collected in person via printed questionnaires administered to intact student groups during scheduled university classes. Nicotine dependence among e-cigarette users was assessed using the Fagerström Test adapted for vaping. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, the Chi-square test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results Overall prevalence of nicotine use was similar in medical and non-medical students. Differences were mainly related to how participants consumed nicotine. Medical students more often used disposable and standard e-cigarettes, while traditional cigarettes were more common among non-medical students. Peer influence significantly affected nicotine use, and most e-cigarette use occurred in social situations. Conclusion Medical education alone does not protect against nicotine use, but it appears to alter the preferred mode of nicotine intake. Preventive strategies should address social influences and increase awareness of risks associated with modern nicotine products.