A dual-beam continuous-scanning spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) leaky-wave antenna (LWA) with synergistic phase-reversal modulation and broadside radiation stabilization is proposed and experimentally validated. The antenna is built on a composite SSPP guiding unit composed of T-shaped resonator elements and semi-elliptical patches, which provides SSPP-type slow-wave guidance and supports spatial-harmonic radiation. Periodic phase reversal is introduced to excite the target −1st spatial harmonic and alleviate the open-stopband (OSB) effect caused by Bragg-reflection accumulation near broadside. Different from an isolated radiating patch, the semi-elliptical patch is incorporated as part of the composite SSPP unit and participates in the modal and dispersion behavior. Owing to its relatively weaker field confinement, it further facilitates residual broadside energy leakage and stabilizes the radiation response. As a result, broadside-stable dual-beam continuous scanning is achieved without an obvious gain dip around broadside. The fabricated prototype scans continuously from −90° to 48° over 5.61–7.84 GHz, with a scanning rate of 4.16°/% and an average gain of 10.6 dBi. The measured results agree well with simulations.
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Zhao et al. (2026) studied this question.
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