Transient Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in an Infant of a Diabetic Mother: Clinical Case

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Case Report. Population: Transient hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in an infant of a diabetic mother (n=1). Intervention: Maternal insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes / fetal hyperinsulinemia (managed with supportive care and serial echocardiographic monitoring). Primary outcome: Interventricular septal thickness in diastole (IVSD) at 1 month vs birth.

MIRANDA SHERVASHIDZE; ANANO VERDZADZE; KHATIA DOLIDZE; TAMAR SHERVASHIDZE; Teona Tabatadze; TAMTA VERDZADZE

doi:10.52340/jecm.2026.03.06

September 29, 2026EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL MEDICINE GEORGIAOpen Access

Transient Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in an Infant of a Diabetic Mother: Clinical Case

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Key result

Neonatal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from maternal diabetes regresses spontaneously by ~57% in septal thickness at 1 month.

n=1

Why the study?

Transient hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in infants of diabetic mothers is a distinct subset seen echocardiographically in 13–44% of such infants and is symptomatic in up to 12.1%.

Key Points

To describe the clinical presentation, echocardiographic characteristics, and disease trajectory of transient hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in an infant born to a diabetic mother.
Evaluated a male neonate born at 36 6/7 weeks of gestation (birth weight 3100 g) to a 27-year-old mother with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes and pre-eclampsia who presented with respiratory distress at birth.
Performed initial neonatal intensive care stabilization and serial transthoracic echocardiographic assessments at birth and at one month of life.
Initial echocardiography demonstrated biventricular hypertrophy with predominant septal thickening (IVSD 0.92 cm), preserved ejection fraction (EF 75%), no left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, a patent foramen ovale (0.4 cm), and a patent ductus arteriosus (0.22 cm).
The infant achieved clinical stability with supportive care (incubator, NCPAP, oxygen, infusion, antibiotics, phototherapy, and tube feeding) and was discharged on day 11.
At one month of age, follow-up echocardiography showed marked regression of septal hypertrophy (IVSD 0.4 cm, EF 81%) without the use of pharmacological cardiac therapy.

Study Design

Type

Case Report (n=1)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

P

Population

1 male neonate born at 36 6/7 weeks gestation to a mother with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes and pre-eclampsia, presenting with transient hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and followed for 1 month.

E

Exposure

Supportive intensive care therapy (incubator care, nasal continuous positive airway pressure [NCPAP], oxygen therapy, infusion and antibacterial therapy, phototherapy, and tube feeding followed by bottle feeding) and serial transthoracic echocardiographic monitoring without cardiac pharmacologic therapy.

O

Outcome

Regression of myocardial hypertrophy and ventricular function on repeat transthoracic echocardiography at 1 month of agesurrogate

Main Result

Absolute Event Rate: 0.4% vs 0.92%

This case illustrates that hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in infants of diabetic mothers is a transient condition that can spontaneously regress within the first month of life without cardiac pharmacotherapy, underscoring the role of serial echocardiography in differentiating it from genetic cardiomyopathy.

Limitations

Single-patient clinical case report
Short follow-up duration of 1 month

Implication

Highlights symptomatic transient HCM in IDM; leaves open need for prospective studies on screening and management.

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common inherited cardiomyopathy characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy, with an annual pediatric incidence of 0.3–0.5 per 100,000. A distinct subset is transient HCM in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs), seen echocardiographically in 13–44% of such infants, symptomatic in up to 12.1%. Case: A male neonate born at 36 6/7 weeks to a mother with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes and pre-eclampsia developed respiratory distress at birth. Echocardiography showed biventricular hypertrophy with predominant septal thickening (IVSD 0.92 cm), preserved EF (75%), and no outflow obstruction. He was discharged stable on day 11. At one month, repeat echocardiography showed marked regression (IVSD 0.4 cm, EF 81%) without pharmacologic therapy. Conclusion: Transient HCM in IDMs is a self-limited, hyperinsulinemia-driven condition. Early echocardiographic screening and serial monitoring are essential to distinguish it from genetic HCM and guide management.

Discussion

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Cite This Study

SHERVASHIDZE et al. (2026) conducted a case report in Transient hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in an infant of a diabetic mother (n=1). Maternal insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes / fetal hyperinsulinemia (managed with supportive care and serial echocardiographic monitoring) was evaluated on Interventricular septal thickness in diastole (IVSD) at 1 month vs birth. Transient hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a neonate of a diabetic mother regressed spontaneously from an IVSD of 0.92 cm at birth to 0.4 cm at 1 month (EF 75% to 81%) without pharmacologic therapy.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6ae28dedcbadf70daf6c3f61 https://doi.org/10.52340/jecm.2026.03.06

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Transient Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in an Infant of a Diabetic Mother: Clinical Case

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Transient Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in an Infant of a Diabetic Mother: Clinical Case

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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