Prevalence of rs5186 (AGTR1 A1166C) and its association with risk factors in primary hypertension

BACKGROUND The prevalence of rs5186 (AGTR1 A1166C) in the Mekong Delta remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of rs5186 in patients with primary hypertension at Xuyen A Vinh Long hospital and to investigate its association with some risk factors for hypertension. METHODS A case-control study was conducted including 65 hypertensive and 65 non-hypertensive patients. Genotype analysis of rs5186 was performed using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction, and glucose level and lipid profiles were measured. Associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms, biochemical indicators, and hypertension risk were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression. A dominant genetic model (AC + CC) versus AA was applied for rs5186, and false discovery rate correction was used to account for multiple testing. RESULTS The genotypes of rs5186 in the hypertension group were 55.4% AA, 43.1% AC, and 1.5% CC, whereas in the control group, they were 64.6% AA, 35.4% AC, and 0% CC. The differences in the genotype distribution were not statistically significant (p = 0.7). The AC + CC genotypes showed no significant association with hypertension after adjustment for confounders. Among biochemical factors, elevated blood glucose (>6.5 mmol/l) was strongly associated with hypertension, with a 6-fold increased risk compared to individuals with normal glucose levels (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The rs5186 was not significantly associated with hypertension in this cohort, whereas metabolic factors, particularly hyperglycemia and obesity, were strongly associated with increased hypertension risk. Larger studies are needed to confirm the role of rs5186 and to examine the consistency of effect sizes across different populations.