Key result
Prehypertension affects ~63% of untreated type 2 diabetes patients and is linked to higher CAD rates.
Why the study?
Prehypertension frequently coexists with diabetes mellitus and may increase cardiovascular and renal complication risk, so identifying associated metabolic and clinical risk factors may facilitate early preventive measures.
Cross-Sectional (n=320)
No
Prehypertension affects nearly two-thirds (63.13%) of untreated blood pressure patients with type 2 diabetes at a rural Indian tertiary center and is significantly associated with central adiposity, dyslipidemia, glycemic parameters, and an increased burden of coronary artery disease.
Prehypertension is common and associates with higher CAD in untreated type 2 diabetes; leaves open whether screening improves outcomes.
Background: Prehypertension frequently coexists with diabetes mellitus and may contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular and renal complications. Identification of associated metabolic and clinical risk factors may facilitate early preventive measures. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Bihta, Patna, Bihar, over 12 months. A total of 320 participants were evaluated. Blood pressure was measured using standardized methodology, and participants were categorized according to JNC 7 criteria. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, glycemic parameters, lipid profile, renal function and serum uric acid were assessed. Associations between these variables and blood pressure categories were analysed statistically. Results: The mean age was 47.59 ± 10.56 years, and 55.90% were males. Prehypertension was present in 202 (63.13%) participants, while 6.56% had normal BP, 28.13% had Stage 1 hypertension and 2.19% had Stage 2 hypertension. Significant associations with BP status were observed for age, residence, occupation, family history of hypertension and waist circumference. FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and serum creatinine also differed significantly across BP categories, whereas BMI, HDL, GFR and serum uric acid did not. CAD increased from 4.8% among normotensive participants to 16.3% among prehypertensive and 30.9% among hypertensive participants. Conclusion: Prehypertension was highly prevalent and occurred alongside multiple cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. Routine blood pressure screening with simultaneous assessment of glycemic control, central adiposity, lipid abnormalities and renal function may help identify individuals requiring early cardiovascular risk reduction.
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Singh et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=320). Prehypertension (SBP 120-139 mmHg and/or DBP 80-89 mmHg per JNC 7) vs. Normal blood pressure and Stage 1-2 hypertension was evaluated on Prevalence of prehypertension among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prehypertension was present in 63.13% (202/320) of untreated patients with type 2 diabetes, with coronary artery disease rising from 4.8% in normotension to 16.3% in prehypertension (p=0.003).
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