Assessment of changes in the prevalence of comorbid pathology among combatants with coronary artery disease

The aim The aim is to determine the prevalence of comorbid pathology among the patients with coronary artery disease among military personnel who participated in hostilities, before and after the start of a full-scale armed conflict (24.02.2022) Materials and methods. An analysis was conducted of 60 medical histories of a random sample of patients from the cardiological and general therapeutic departments who were hospitalized at the National Military Medical Clinical Center “Main Military Clinical Hospital” in September-October 2021 with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease (group I); 50 medical histories of a random sample of patients from the cardiological and general therapeutic departments who were hospitalized at the Military Medical Clinical Center of the Central Region and the Pirogov Regional Hospital (Vinnytsia) with a diagnosis of coronary heart disease in September-October 2022 (group II). All patients were male, participated in hostilities, aged from 40 to 60 years; the average age of the 1st group was 47.4±5.7 years, of the 2nd group was 47.9±5.4 years (at p>0.05). Statistical processing was carried out using Microsoft Excel 2007 and the standard statistical package STATISTICA 6.0. Results. After the start of the full-scale armed conflict in 2022, a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of comorbid diseases was found in servicemen with coronary artery disease, namely: – diseases of the circulatory system – cerebrovascular diseases (26.7±5.7% in the first group and 62.0±6.9% in the second group, with p=0.0003 between groups), obliterating atherosclerosis of the vessels of the lower extremities (3.3%±2.3% and 36.0±6.8%, respectively, with p=0.0001), stenosing atherosclerosis of the brachiocephalic arteries (3.3%±2.3% and 24.0±6.0%, respectively, with p=0.002), varicose veins of the lower extremities (3.3% and 38.0±6.8%, respectively, with p=0.0001), hemorrhoids (6.7±3.2% and 36.0±6.8%, respectively, at p=0.0003); gastrointestinal tract: peptic ulcer and duodenal ulcer (3.3±2.3% in group 1 and 22.0±5.9% in group 2, at p=0.004), gastroesophageal reflux disease (6.7±3.2% in group 1 and 24.0±6.0% in group 2, at p=0.015), gallstone disease (0% in group 1 and 14.0±4.9% in group 2, at p=0.006), chronic pancreatitis (26.7±5.7% in group 1 and 68.0±6.6% in group 2, at p=0.0001); endocrine system – impaired glucose tolerance (3.3±2.3% in the 1st group and 20.0±5.7% in the 2nd group, at p=0.0009); genitourinary system – chronic prostatitis (6.7±3.2% in the 1st group and 30.0±6.5%, at p=0.002); respiratory diseases – chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (6.7±3.2 in the 1st group and 20.0±5.7 in the second group, at p=0.04); conditions caused by participation in combat operations (consequences of traumatic brain injury, traumatic brain injury, acubarotrauma). In the structure of arterial hypertension, the share of stage 3 arterial hypertension increased (6.7±2.3% in group I and 30.0±6.5% in group 2, at p=0.002). The frequency of myocardial infarction in group 2 (6.7±2.3% and 22.0±5.9%, respectively, at p=0.027) and neuroinfarction (0% and 8.0±3.8%, respectively, at p=0.04) significantly increased. Conclusions. A significant increase in the prevalence of comorbid pathology in combatants with coronary heart disease after the start of a full-scale armed conflict (02.24.2022) requires its mandatory consideration when developing individual treatment and prevention programs to increase the effectiveness of treatment and prevent complications.