Study Of Antidiabetic Use In Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Hypertension Comorbidity At Gunungpati Public Health Center, Semarang

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Oral antidiabetic therapy significantly reduced random blood glucose by 36.86 mg/dL with dual therapy (p=0.001) and 18.10 mg/dL with monotherapy (p=0.001) in hypertensive diabetic patients.

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Observational. Population: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with comorbid Hypertension (n=50). Intervention: Combination oral antidiabetic therapy (metformin + glimepiride) vs. Pre-treatment baseline (and single oral antidiabetic therapy with glimepiride or metformin). Primary outcome: Random blood glucose (GDS) levels (mg/dL) in two-drug combination therapy (MD -36.86 mg/dL, p=0.001).

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Oral antidiabetic therapy significantly reduces blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and comorbid hypertension, with dual therapy achieving greater glucose lowering than monotherapy. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.CONFIRMATORY. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.SUPPORTS_CONSENSUS.

Fida Fahmi

doi:10.53359/mfi.v21i2.358

October 1, 2026Media Farmasi IndonesiaOpen Access

Study Of Antidiabetic Use In Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Hypertension Comorbidity At Gunungpati Public Health Center, Semarang

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Key result

Dual oral antidiabetic therapy linked to ~37 mg/dL lower blood glucose in hypertensive diabetic patients.

MD -36.86 mg/dL
P=0.001
n=50

Why the study?

Diabetes mellitus prevalence is rising and often coexists with hypertension, requiring continuous glucose monitoring and medication adherence to maximize pharmacotherapy effectiveness.

Does oral antidiabetic therapy (monotherapy or combination therapy) reduce blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and comorbid hypertension?

Key Points

To evaluate the utilization patterns and clinical effectiveness of oral antidiabetic therapy in patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and comorbid hypertension.
Retrospective review of medical record data from January to April 2025 at the Gunungpati Health Center.
Assessed demographic characteristics, drug utilization regimens, and blood glucose differences using a paired t-test.
Blood sugar levels decreased significantly from an average of 186.48 mg/dL before therapy to 167.11 mg/dL after therapy (p = 0.008).
Two-drug antidiabetic therapy showed a pre- to post-treatment glucose reduction of 36.86 mg/dL (234.97 mg/dL to 198.0 mg/dL; p = 0.001), compared to an 18.10 mg/dL reduction with single-drug therapy (134.75 mg/dL to 116.65 mg/dL; p = 0.001).
The most common antidiabetic regimen was metformin combined with glimepiride (58%), while amlodipine was the predominant antihypertensive agent (78%).

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=50)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Does oral antidiabetic therapy (monotherapy or combination therapy) reduce blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and comorbid hypertension?

P

Population

50 adults aged 45 years and older (74% female) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and comorbid hypertension treated with oral antidiabetic and antihypertensive medications at a community health center from January to April 2025.

E

Exposure

Oral antidiabetic therapy (metformin + glimepiride combination in 58% [n=29], glimepiride monotherapy in 40% [n=20], metformin monotherapy in 2% [n=1]) alongside antihypertensive therapy (amlodipine monotherapy in 78% [n=39], amlodipine + candesartan combination in 22% [n=11]).

C

Comparator

Pre-treatment baseline random blood glucose levels (paired pre-post comparison); also descriptive comparison between combination antidiabetic therapy (2 drugs) and single antidiabetic therapy (1 drug).

O

Outcome

Change in random blood glucose (RBG / GDS) levels before and after oral antidiabetic therapy, with target blood sugar defined as RBG ≤200 mg/dL.surrogate

Main Result

Mean Difference: -36.86

Absolute Event Rate: 198% vs 234.97%

p-value: p=0.001

In this small retrospective study at an Indonesian public health center, oral antidiabetic regimens (primarily metformin plus glimepiride) alongside amlodipine/candesartan significantly reduced random blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and comorbid hypertension.

Limitations

Retrospective medical record review design
Small sample size (n=50) from a single public health center
Exclusion of patients with incomplete medical records

Implication

May support glycemic control with oral antidiabetics in hypertensive diabetes; leaves open dual- versus monotherapy effects in prospective trials.

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a long-term metabolic condition resulting from damage to the pancreas, which impairs its ability to produce adequate insulin for the body's needs. This leads to glucose buildup in the blood, manifesting clinically as increased appetite (polyphagia), excessive thirst (polydipsia), and frequent urination (polyuria).. The prevalence of diabetes based on doctor's diagnosis has increased when compared to the results of the 2018 Riskesdas, namely 1.5% in 2018 and 1.7% in 2023 in all age groups, as well as 2.0% in 2018 and 2.2% in 2023 in the ≥15 age group. Diabetes mellitus is often found with various comorbidities, one of which is hypertension. Patients diabetes mellitus with comorbid hypertensive requiring continuous glucose monitoring is very important and medication adherence can maximize the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy. A retrospective review in the form of medical record data for the period January – April 2025 at the Gunungpati Health Center based on inclusion and exclusion criteria for 27 patients. Analysis of the data used for the paired t-test. The results of this study showed a difference in blood sugar levels at the beginning of the examination with an average of 186.48mg/dL and after receiving therapy with an average of 167.11mg/dL. With the results of the statistical test analysis, p value = 0.008 (p=<0.05) means that the use of oral antidiabetic therapy is effective in lowering blood sugar levels

Discussion

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Cite This Study

Fida Fahmi (2026) conducted an observational in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with comorbid Hypertension (n=50). Combination oral antidiabetic therapy (metformin + glimepiride) vs. Pre-treatment baseline (and single oral antidiabetic therapy with glimepiride or metformin) was evaluated on Random blood glucose (GDS) levels (mg/dL) in two-drug combination therapy (MD -36.86 mg/dL, p=0.001). Oral antidiabetic therapy significantly reduced random blood glucose by 36.86 mg/dL with dual therapy (p=0.001) and 18.10 mg/dL with monotherapy (p=0.001) in hypertensive diabetic patients.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6ae28e75cbadf70daf6c427d https://doi.org/10.53359/mfi.v21i2.358

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Study Of Antidiabetic Use In Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Hypertension Comorbidity At Gunungpati Public Health Center, Semarang

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Study Of Antidiabetic Use In Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Hypertension Comorbidity At Gunungpati Public Health Center, Semarang

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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