Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis Associated With Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt as a Cause of Intestinal Obstruction: Case Report

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Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare condition characterized by the formation of a fibrocollagenous membrane that partially or completely encases intestinal loops. It may occur secondary to chronic inflammatory processes, such as ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting, and may present with intestinal obstruction. A 53-year-old male patient with a history of hydrocephalus treated with a VP shunt was admitted with abdominal pain, distension, vomiting, and absence of flatus and bowel movements. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed dilated intestinal loops, suspected internal hernia with obstructive effect, and presence of a peritoneal catheter. Due to failure of conservative management, exploratory laparotomy was indicated. Intraoperatively, findings consistent with EPS were identified, and adhesiolysis was performed with bowel preservation. EPS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intestinal obstruction in patients with VP shunts. Recognition of the condition and appropriate surgical management are essential for diagnostic confirmation and resolution.