Enhancing Family Self-Management of Hypertension through Structured Education and Progressive Muscle Relaxation: A Case Study

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Case Report. Population: Hypertension (n=3). Intervention: Structured family health education, lifestyle modification, and Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR). Primary outcome: Family health management practices, medication adherence, and blood pressure.

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Integrating structured education and progressive muscle relaxation enhances family-centered self-management and reduces blood pressure in patients with chronic hypertension. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Sri Wulandari; Abdurrasyid Abdurrasyid; Monika Kusmia Ulfa; Satria Gobel; Rian Adi Pamungkas

doi:10.55885/jchp.v6i3.1067

October 23, 2026Journal of Community Health ProvisionOpen Access

Enhancing Family Self-Management of Hypertension through Structured Education and Progressive Muscle Relaxation: A Case Study

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Key result

Education plus progressive muscle relaxation aids family hypertension management and lowers blood pressure in case reports.

n=3

Why the study?

Does structured family health education combined with Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) improve blood pressure and family-centered self-management in adults with hypertension?

Key Points

Evaluate the effectiveness of structured education and progressive muscle relaxation therapy in enhancing family-centered self-management of hypertension.
Descriptive case study of a 66-year-old male patient presenting with an initial blood pressure of 200/112 mmHg after discontinuing antihypertensive medication for two years.
Delivered nursing interventions comprising structured education on medication adherence, lifestyle modification through the DASH diet, and a 25-minute demonstration of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR).
Post-intervention blood pressure decreased from 190/95 mmHg to 180/97 mmHg following independent practice of PMR.
The patient experienced reduced complaints of neck stiffness along with enhanced awareness of therapy and active family involvement in supporting adherence.

Study Design

Type

Case Report (n=3)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Does structured family health education combined with Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) improve blood pressure and family-centered self-management in adults with hypertension?

P

Population

3 Indonesian family cases (ages 47-66, 33.3% female) with at least one family member diagnosed with hypertension at Srengseng Community Health Center, followed from March to April 2026.

I

Intervention

Structured family health education (covering hypertension disease processes, medication adherence, routine health checks, dietary modification including low-salt/low-fat/low-sugar or DASH diet, physical activity, and stress management) combined with a 25-minute supervised demonstration of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) therapy and instruction to perform PMR independently for 15-20 minutes per day for four weeks (specifically in Case 2).

O

Outcome

Descriptive changes in blood pressure, health knowledge, family involvement, medication adherence, lifestyle practices, and ability to perform recommended self-care activitiessurrogate

This descriptive case study suggests that combining structured family health education with Progressive Muscle Relaxation is a simple, low-cost nursing approach that may support home-based hypertension self-management and modest short-term blood pressure reductions.

Limitations

Involved only three purposively selected families
Observations conducted over a limited period
Descriptive case study design without statistical hypothesis testing cannot establish causal treatment efficacy
Findings cannot be generalized to all families with hypertension
Interventions were adapted to each family and not completely identical across cases
The analysis did not employ statistical hypothesis testing because the study was designed as a descriptive multiple-case study involving three family cases rather than a controlled experimental or quasi-experimental study.
Changes in blood pressure and behavioral outcomes were interpreted as case-level observations associated with the nursing care process, rather than as evidence of causal treatment efficacy.
Interventions were not completely identical across cases, as specific components were adapted to each family's identified problems.

Implication

Supports adjunctive PMR in family hypertension care; leaves open efficacy pending controlled trials.

Abstract

Hypertension in older adults often worsens due to poor medication adherence and insufficient family support in home-based care. This case study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of structured education and Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) therapy in enhancing family-centered self-management of hypertension. A descriptive case study was conducted with a 66-year-old male patient (Mr. B) at Puskesmas Srengseng, Jakarta, who had discontinued antihypertensive medication for two years and presented with an initial blood pressure of 200/112 mmHg. Nursing interventions included structured education on medication adherence, lifestyle modification through the DASH diet, and a 25-minute demonstration of PMR as a non-pharmacological adjunct. Evaluation results indicated improved patient awareness of the importance of therapy and active family involvement in supporting treatment adherence. Independent practice of PMR produced positive clinical responses, evidenced by a reduction in blood pressure from 190/95 mmHg to 180/97 mmHg post-intervention, along with decreased complaints of neck stiffness. In conclusion, the integration of structured education and PMR proved highly effective as a simple and low-cost intervention to improve health behaviors, medication adherence, and family self-management in the home care of chronic hypertension.

Discussion

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Cite This Study

Wulandari et al. (2026) conducted a case report in Hypertension (n=3). Structured family health education, lifestyle modification, and Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) was evaluated on Family health management practices, medication adherence, and blood pressure. Structured education and progressive muscle relaxation improved family hypertension management, reducing blood pressure from 190/89 to 148/80 mmHg in Case 1 and 190/95 to 180/97 mmHg in Case 2.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6ae28e94cbadf70daf6c439c https://doi.org/10.55885/jchp.v6i3.1067

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Enhancing Family Self-Management of Hypertension through Structured Education and Progressive Muscle Relaxation: A Case Study

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Enhancing Family Self-Management of Hypertension through Structured Education and Progressive Muscle Relaxation: A Case Study

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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