Analysis of Traditional and Modern Approaches to Developing the Competencies of Upper-Grade Students

This article analyzes traditional and modern approaches to developing competencies in upper-grade students. Based on theoretical and empirical sources, the study explores the concept of competency, its developmental stages, classical and contemporary pedagogical methods, as well as international and national experiences. The authors compare the advantages and shortcomings of modern approaches with traditional methods, providing an in-depth analysis of their impact on the personal and social development of upper-grade students.