Development and Validation of a Problem-Based Laboratory Manual in General Physics

This study aimed to develop and validate a set of problem-based laboratory manuals in General Physics for Grade 12 students in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) strand. The laboratory manual designed by the researcher assisted students in performing experiments while enhancing their understanding and skills in Physics. Specifically, the manual focused on improving student performance in the General Physics subject. The experiments were crafted to help students apply conceptual knowledge to practical, real-world scenarios, while fostering critical thinking, problem-solving, creative thinking, and decision-making skills. Additionally, the manual guided students in grasping fundamental physics concepts, understanding measurement limitations, and working with complex experimental instruments. The study involved an experimental group of students who used the problem-based laboratory manuals. A pre-test was conducted before the experiment, and a post-test was administered afterward to assess the students’ progress. The results revealed that students who used the problem-based manuals showed significant improvement in General Physics. They also demonstrated more positive attitudes and greater interest in learning the subject through this approach. However, challenges arose during implementation, as some students were unfamiliar with certain topics and encountered difficulties in the problem-solving process. These issues required teachers to invest additional time and effort in preparing and delivering the problem-based activities effectively.