Distributed Resource Allocation for Interference Mitigation in Heterogeneous WBANs: A Health-Adaptive Nonuniform Coloring Strategy

Interference mitigation is critical for ensuring re liable communication and high quality of service (QoS) in dense and heterogeneous wireless body area networks (WBANs). However, existing approaches often struggle with the scarcity of transmission resources and the heterogeneity of traffic demands. To overcome these challenges, this paper proposes a Health-Adaptive Nonuniform Coloring (HANC) strategy, a novel distributed resource allocation approach. HANC models interference relationships as a graph where structurally central vertices serve as local decision-makers to autonomously assign channel-time resources. This strategy incorporates a token bucket mechanism to quantify traffic demand and a health evaluation model based on vital signs and clinical risks, forming a composite vertex value that determines allocation priority. HANC employs a localized coloring dissemination mechanism to enable conflict-free propagation of allocation results without global synchronization. The key innovations of HANC lie in the prioritization assignment based on real-time patient status, the nonuniform resource allocation proportional to diverse demands, and the decentralized scheduling through local decision-makers. These features collectively enhance transmission reliability, re source utilization fairness, and network scalability in dynamic environments. Extensive simulations demonstrate that HANC outperforms existing schemes in channel utilization, interference reduction, throughput, packet delivery ratio, latency, and energy efficiency, while exhibiting strong robustness in high-density scenarios.