Prosthodontic Determinants of Peri-Implant Tissue Health: A Narrative Review

Peri-implant tissue health is a critical determinant of long-term implant success and patient satisfaction. While osseointegration remains the biologic foundation of implant dentistry, prosthodontic factors significantly influence the maintenance of peri-implant hard and soft tissues. Contemporary evidence suggests that restoration design, implant-abutment connection, emergence profile, retention type, occlusal loading, restorative material, and maintenance protocols collectively affect the incidence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. This review summarizes current evidence regarding prosthodontic considerations that contribute to peri-implant tissue stability and discusses contemporary strategies to minimize biologic and mechanical complications. Special emphasis is placed on emergence profile design, cement excess, prosthetic contours, occlusal overload, restorative material selection, and maintenance therapy. Understanding these factors enables clinicians to optimize peri-implant health and improve long-term treatment outcomes. [1–5]