Short – term outcomes of percutaneous ballon pulmonary valvuloplasty for isolated valvular pulmonary stenosis in pediatric patients: experience from the Cardiovascular Center – E Hospital

Objective: To assess the short – term outcomes of percutaneous ballon dailation for isolated vavular pulmonary stenosis and the inpact of conplications on results in patients under 18 years of age. Background: Pulmonary valve stenosis (PVS) is the fourth most common congentinal heart disease, accounting for 13.8%. PVS was the first reported by John Baptist Morgani in 1761, and in 1982, Kan et al successfully performed percutanous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (PBPV) at Johns Hopkins Hospital (USA). Since then, PBPV has been considered the primary treatment for simple pulmonary valve stenosis and is utilized in the majority of cardiac centers globally. Compared with the surgical method of opening the pulmonary valve, percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty helps minimize complications during invasive surgery, reduce time and expense while maintaining outstanding outcomes in disease treatment. From 2016 to 2024, after 8 years of performing the percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty at the Cardiovascular Center – E Hospital, we retrospectively evaluated the short – term outcomes and complications of percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty in pediatric patients with isolated pulmonary valve stenosis. Subjects and methods: Retrospective, descriptive study. From January 2016 to June 2024, 59 patients diagnosed with pulmonary valve stenosis under 18 years of age underwent percutaneous ballon pulmonary valvuloplasty. Results: Mean age was 2.73 2.89 years old. In echocardiography, mild pulmonary valve stenosis accounted for 15.3%, moderate pulmonary valve stenosis for 49.2%, and severe pulmonary valve stenosis for 35.5%. After pulmonary valve dilation, the successful results were no longer stenosis in 22%, 76.3% mild stenosis, and 1.7% moderate stenosis. The following were among the 30 cases of complications: 1 patient had a rupture of tricuspid chordae tendineae (1.7%), 9 patients (15.3%) had a femoral puncture site hematoma, 20 patients experienced an intra – procedural arrhythmia, and 2 patients (3.4%) experienced an emergency bradyarrhythmia. Conclusion: Percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty is a generally safe technique with a high success rate. It should be extensively applied to reduce surgical risks for patients.