Evidence of Post Keynesian Financialization and Horizontalism in the Industrial-Automotive Supply Chain in the 21st Century Quantitative Evidence Underwritten by the History of Economics

The focus of this essay is to evaluate some of the shortcomings of contemporary ex post financialization theory from a historical perspective. The concept of financialization has come to be interpreted through the broad thematic of “disruption” or crowding-out dynamics. An important shortcoming is addressed through the extension of a post-Keynesian horizontalism moderator framework which attenuates some of the effects from discretionary compensation practices of stock buybacks and dividends. Generalizing the theory in such a way enables us to apply a more realistic and “complete model” of financialization to the industrial-automotive long panel in the 21st century.