Differential diagnosis and teratment of intestinal dyspepsia, malabsorption.

Background: Abdominal discomfort, bloating, altered bowel habits, and chronic diarrhea are common presentations in hospital and outpatient practice. They may reflect functional gastrointestinal disorders, infection, inflammation, impaired digestion, or reduced nutrient absorption. Objective: To summarize the differential diagnosis, clinical assessment, investigations, and evidence-based management of intestinal symptoms associated with suspected malabsorption. Methods: This educational narrative review synthesizes clinical principles and selected guidance on celiac disease, lactose intolerance, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, intestinal infection, and related disorders. It is not a new systematic review or original clinical study. Results: Symptom overlap makes diagnosis challenging. A structured history and examination, recognition of alarm features, and targeted blood, stool, serological, endoscopic, or breath tests can help identify the cause. Management is cause-specific and may include dietary intervention, medications, enzyme replacement, treatment of infection or inflammation, and correction of nutritional deficiencies.