Genotype by environment interaction and grain yield stability analysis of teff (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter.) genotypes in West Hararghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia

Teff is a major staple crop in Ethiopia; however, its productivity remains low and unstable across environments due to lodging, moisture stress, poor soil fertility, and limited availability of widely adaptable high-yielding varieties, particularly in West Hararge zone.To address this, 14 teff genotypes were evaluated across six rain-fed environments using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications; accordingly, combined Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences in grain yield, while Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis confirmed that genotypes, environments, and GEI had highly significant effects (p < 0.001), indicating considerable variability and differential responses across locations.Moreover, genotype G3 (2.41 t ha⁻¹) and G9 (2.34 t ha⁻¹) outperformed the standard check Dursi (1.98 t ha⁻¹).Likewise, stability analyses (AMMI Stability Value (ASV) and Genotype Selection Index (GSI)) identified them as both high yielding and stable across environments; therefore, based on their superior performance and stability, G3 and G9 were advanced to the next evaluation stage (VVT) for further testing and potential release as improved teff varieties.