Timing of Postpartum Intrauterine Device Insertion and Complication Risk: A Prospective Comparative Study

Postpartum contraception is an important component of reproductive healthcare because fertility may return within the first months after childbirth, while short interpregnancy intervals are associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Intrauterine devices (IUDs) provide highly effective, long-acting, reversible contraception without systemic hormonal exposure. However, the timing of postpartum insertion may influence the likelihood of complications, including pain, bleeding, inflammation and device expulsion. Identifying clinical and anamnestic factors associated with these outcomes may help clinicians individualize contraceptive care.