Influence of Integrated Nutrient Management Modules Combining FYM, Bio-Consortia, and Nano-Phosphorus on Productivity, Nutrient Assimilation, and Soil Microbes in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

A two-year field experiment conducted at KVK Ghazipur during the 2023 and 2024 Kharif seasons evaluated integrated nutrient management treatments in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar 27P37 grown on alkaline, low-organic-carbon Inceptisols. Nine treatments were compared in a randomised block design with three replications, including an unfertilised control, 100% inorganic NPK, and combinations of 75% NPK with farmyard manure (5 t/ha), NPK-Consortia seed treatment, and Nano-P. The combined treatment (T9: 75% NPK + FYM + NPK-Consortia + Nano-P) produced the highest reported grain and straw yields of 70.40 and 72.65 q/ha, respectively. Corresponding total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium uptake values were 142.74, 27.15, and 131.26 kg/ha. Grain yield under 100% NPK (T2) was 43.10 q/ha. The unfertilised control yielded 34.30 q/ha, whereas T7 (75% NPK + FYM + Nano-P) yielded 66.50 q/ha. Partial factor productivity, calculated using the total applied synthetic N, P₂O₅, and K₂O rates, was 42.67 kg/kg for T9 compared with 19.59 kg/kg for T2. The highest reported post-harvest bacterial, fungal, and actinomyces populations were also recorded under T9. The findings suggest that combining reduced inorganic fertilisation with FYM, a microbial consortium, and Nano-P may improve the measured agronomic and biological outcomes under the study conditions. However, year-specific treatment means were not available to assess variation between seasons.