Evolution of Innovative Growth Models and Their Role in Forming an Innovative Model of Economy

The article examines the evolution of innovation growth models and their transformation into contemporary approaches to the formation of an innovation-based economic model. Neoclassical growth models, the Schumpeterian tradition, endogenous growth theory, national innovation systems, the Triple Helix, open innovation, and the Quadruple Helix are systematized and compared. The analysis demonstrates an expansion of the factors underlying innovation development: from capital, labour and technological progress to knowledge, research and development, human capital, entrepreneurial activity, external sources of competencies, and societal needs. The circle of innovation actors expands from firms to universities, research organizations, investors, public institutions and civil society. Interaction accordingly evolves from predominantly market-based and competitive relations toward systemic, partnership-based, open, networked and ecosystem-oriented cooperation. Based on the comparative analysis, the article identifies the contribution of the considered approaches to the structure of a contemporary innovation-based economic model. The Schumpeterian approach provides a basis for the entrepreneurial component; endogenous growth theory underpins the knowledge, research, education and human-capital components; national innovation systems support the institutional component; the Triple Helix reflects the partnership component; open innovation contributes to the network component; and the Quadruple Helix introduces the social component. The study substantiates the need to integrate these components into a coherent innovation ecosystem capable of generating, disseminating and commercializing knowledge and technologies. Such an approach is particularly relevant to economies undergoing structural transformation, where innovation becomes an important condition for technological modernization, competitiveness and sustainable economic development.