The Role of Customary Courts in Conflict Resolution Mechanisms: A Case Study of Adama City, Lugo Sub-City Administration, Ethiopia

This study assesses the role of customary courts in conflict resolution mechanisms in Adama City, specifically within the Lugo sub-city administration. It highlights the resurgence of legal pluralism in Ethiopia following the establishment of the Federal Democratic Republic, which allows for the coexistence of formal and customary legal systems. Utilizing qualitative research methods, including semi-structured interviews and non-participant observation, the study explores the effectiveness, accessibility, and cultural significance of customary courts. The findings reveal that customary courts provide a community-based approach to conflict resolution, employing mediation, dialogue, and the restoration of social harmony rather than punitive measures. Key advantages of customary courts include affordability, swift conflict resolution times, and the promotion of community participation, which revitalizes Oromo cultural practices of conflict resolution. Additionally, the research underscores the vital role of women in the conflict resolution process, both as mediators and participants, exemplified by the Siinqee institution. Despite their effectiveness, customary courts face challenges, including limited resources, inadequate support from formal legal institutions, and subjective decision-making. The thesis concludes with recommendations for enhancing the operational capacity of customary courts and fostering their integration with formal judicial systems to improve access to justice for all community members.