Framework for Sustainable Water Management in Some Selected States in Northern Nigeria

Both groundwater and surface water are the most reliable sources for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use in Nigeria. However, they face increasing pressure from above-ground human activities, such as uncontrolled urbanization, continuous waste disposal, and poor land-use management. The impact on water users is unacceptable, and the purely technical solutions of this century have failed to address the growing contamination of this vital resource. This study examines existing issues in groundwater management and provides a platform for engaging various stakeholders whose involvement is necessary to address these problems. The steps taken to identify and involve stakeholders responsible for and affected by both surface and groundwater contamination are described and discussed. The paper assesses current water management approaches, the causes of contamination, stakeholders’ capacities and concerns, and offers sustainable solutions that will help transition from the current system to a more integrated and effective one. Sustainable strategies suitable for many developing countries are also recommended. The findings will contribute valuable insights to water managers, policymakers, and decision-makers working to implement sustainable groundwater management systems in Nigeria and other rapidly developing nations.