A comparative study to assess awareness and practices concerning menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in schools located in rural and urban areas using a standardised menstrual practices questionnaire

Background: Menstrual hygiene is integral to the health and well-being of women and girls. In India, menstruation remains a taboo, leading to poor awareness, unsanitary practices, and an increased risk of reproductive tract infections. Rural women face greater challenges than their urban counterparts due to limited resources, inadequate education, and cultural restrictions. Methods: It was a cross-sectional comparative study carried out in JSS Hospital Mysuru. This comparative study involved 171 girls aged 13-16 years from schools in rural and urban areas. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire covering awareness and practices related to menstrual hygiene. Statistical analysis, including chi-square tests and logistic regression, was conducted using SPSS v25. Results were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. Results: Urban girls demonstrated better menstrual hygiene practices: 58.6% used disposable sanitary pads at home compared to 46.4% in rural areas. Genital washing twice daily was reported by 54% of urban girls versus 33.3% in rural areas. Proper disposal of menstrual waste was higher among urban respondents, while rural girls often resorted to burning (22.6% and 5.7% respectively). Urban girls also exhibited higher adherence to hygienic drying practices for reusable materials. Conclusions: The study highlights significant rural-urban disparities in menstrual hygiene practices, with urban girls benefiting from better awareness and resources. Addressing these gaps through education, policy interventions, and improved access to menstrual hygiene products is crucial to achieving equity in menstrual health.