Investigation of the psychometric properties of the Gestational Weight Gain Psychosocial Risk Assessment Tool in Turkish pregnant women

Purpose This study aims to culturally adapt the Gestational Weight Gain Psychosocial Risk Assessment Tool (GWG tool) and evaluate its psychometric properties among pregnant women in Türkiye. Design/methodology/approach This methodological study included 312 pregnant women aged ≥ 19 years. Factorial validity and internal consistency were evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Cronbach’s alpha, respectively. Associations between the T-GWG factors and the Body Understanding Measure for Pregnancy (BUMPs) and Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) scores were also examined. Findings CFA supported the three-factor structure of the T-GWG, comprising self-efficacy (SE), attitudes towards weight gain (ATW) and body image (BI), with acceptable model fit. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were 0.97 for SE, 0.95 for ATW and 0.92 for BI. SE was positively correlated with BUMPs total and factor scores and the EAT-26 social pressure factor, whereas ATW was negatively correlated with BUMPs and EAT-26 total and factor scores. No significant correlations were observed for BI. These findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the factorial validity and internal consistency of the T-GWG. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to culturally adapt and psychometrically evaluate the GWG tool among pregnant women in Türkiye. The T-GWG provides a brief measure of psychosocial dimensions related to gestational weight management for further research in this population.