Hypocala subsatura Guenee 1852

Hypocala subsatura Guenée, 1852 Hypocala subsatura Guenée (1852): 75. Type locality: Silhet [Sylhet, Bangladesh]. Hypocala aspersa Butler (1883): 164. Hypocala subsatura var. limbata Butler (1889): 76. Hypocala subsatura Warren (1913): 382; Chen (1982): 370; Barlow (1982): 108. Materials Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: 9C43EF1E-C8F0-5AB2-9972-60B3FE80567D; Material Entity: materialEntityID: NWAFU: Ento: LepiEreb 0077; materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned | genitalia slide ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Shaanxi, Taibai Mountain, Haoping Temple, 1200 m, 13. v. 1983 and 14. vii. 1983, Shaanxi Taibai Mountain Insect Survey Team Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: A0038E47-4DDD-55E5-A0E0-1C5BC08238FD; Material Entity: materialEntityID: NWAFU: Ento: LepiEreb 0080; materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned | genitalia slide ♀; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Shaanxi, Taibai Mountain, Luotuoshu, 2100 m, 6. viii. 1983, Shaanxi Taibai Mountain Insect Survey Team Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: 107F1F31-32AD-56F0-8F60-5227DAE0AAA0; Material Entity: materialEntityID: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Shaanxi, Taibai Mountain, Luotuoshu, 2100 m, 6. viii. 1983, Shaanxi Taibai Mountain Insect Survey Team Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: 29FCD8C3-3EC7-586D-A955-2EA3A86A6687; Material Entity: materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Shaanxi, Wugong, 3. vii. 1981, collected at light trap Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: C785E473-68C6-51BC-B91F-E32AE3729094; Material Entity: materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Hainan, Lingshui, Diaoluo Mountain, 2. vi. 2007, Wang Yinglun & Li Yankai Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: F86C4E3C-1766-5BC2-AA5B-8F33C1310C44; Material Entity: materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Hainan, Lingshui, Diaoluo Mountain, 28. v. 2007, Wang Yinglun & Li Yankai Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: BCA47C55-C331-5BCF-A537-DFC03F32F0C6; Material Entity: materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; preparations: pinned ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Hainan, Jianfengling, 6. vi. 2007, Wang Yinglun & Zhai Qing Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: 72EA6086-E48F-5BB8-BE10-3467DC67D929; Material Entity: materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Hainan, Jianfengling, 5. vi. 2007, Wang Yinglun & Zhai Qing Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: 8244072F-735D-52DB-9734-BEC6FDA4A8FD; Material Entity: materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Hainan, Jianfengling, 6. vi. 2006, Wang Yinglun & Zhai Qing Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: DF4BC086-B3A0-5AEE-82CC-903802B3A02D; Material Entity: materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Hainan, Wuzhishan, 5. v. 2007, Wang Yinglun & Zhai Qing Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: F165FDF5-6E08-5624-B08B-CE0649281402; Material Entity: materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Hainan, Baisha, Yinggeling, 22. v. 2007, Wang Yinglun & Zhai Qing Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: 6899F956-F2D3-5596-99F9-0AEE5BDE532F; Material Entity: materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Yunnan, Jinghong, 23. viii. 1987, Zhou Jingruo & Wang Sumei Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: 4744A415-8918-5CAA-ABFB-7DFB598A34E1; Material Entity: materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Yunnan, Yiliang, Xiaoshao, 1840 m, 30. vii. 2005, collected at light trap Type status: Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceID: 7521B07B-6E9B-5244-83A7-EAD066FDFC87; Material Entity: materialEntityType: Pinned specimen; discipline: Entomology; preparations: pinned ♂; disposition: in collection; verbatimLabel: CHINA: Gansu, Wen County, Bifenggou, 20. v. 2002, Li Xiushan & Chen Zhenwan Description Re-description Adult (Fig. 1 A, B, C and D). Wingspan 38–42 mm. Head and thorax reddish-brown to dark brown; labial palpi projecting forwards, giving a slightly rostrate appearance. Fore-wing elongate, reddish-brown to dark brown, with indistinct purplish suffusion; antemedial and postmedial lines dark and sinuate; subterminal line pale and curved; reniform stigma indistinct. A darker form occurs, in which the fore-wing is almost uniformly dark brown (Fig. 1 B). Hind-wing dark brown to blackish, with several separated orange-yellow longitudinal streaks and patches extending from the basal area towards the termen; terminal margin dark. Abdomen yellowish-brown with dark dorsal scaling. Male genitalia (Fig. 2 A). Tegumen narrow and elongate. Uncus short, flattened and blade-like, apically expanded and densely setose. Valvae elongate, somewhat rectangular, weakly tapering to a rounded apex, the apical part finely spinulose, with a small sclerotised process at the base of the sacculus. Vinculum V-shaped, prolonged into a remarkably long, narrowly triangular sacculus that tapers gradually to a rounded apex and distinctly exceeds the valva in length. Aedeagus very long, slender, cylindrical and almost straight, slightly widened and more strongly sclerotised basally; vesica without distinct cornuti, only faint, minutely sclerotised patches in the median part. Female genitalia (Fig. 3 A). Papillae anales broad, subtriangular, densely setose. Apophyses posteriores long and slender; apophyses anteriores about half as long as apophyses posteriores. Abdominal segment VIII broad, trapezoidal, moderately sclerotised, its surface finely reticulate. Ductus bursae long and narrow, membranous, straight, entering the corpus bursae close to its margin. Corpus bursae large, rounded, thin-walled and membranous, finely concentrically striate; two signa present, each composed of minute denticles: a small, rounded one near the entrance of the ductus bursae and a larger, elongate-ovate one on the lateral wall of the corpus bursae. Diagnosis Host Plants Apple (Malus spp.), pear (Pyrus spp.), plum (Prunus spp.), persimmon (Diospyros spp.) and oak (Quercus spp.) (Chen 1999, Li 2023). Remarks This species is polymorphic in fore-wing pattern: the fore-wing is either patterned with a large, twisted, angular dark brown patch bordered by pale grey areas on the costa and dorsum (Fig. 1 A-C) or almost uniformly dark reddish-brown to greyish-brown without pale areas (Fig. 1 D). It differs from H. deflorata in having the hind-wing blackish-brown with separate yellow streaks and spots (Fig. 1 A-D) rather than yellow with a black discal spot and a broad black outer band (Fig. 1 E and F) and in the very long sacculus of the male genitalia and the two signa of the bursa copulatrix in female genitalia (Fig. 2 A and Fig. 3 A). Distribution China (Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Hong Kong, Macao, Yunnan, Xizang); Japan, India, Bangladesh.