We classify the nonnegative finite-size spectral-gap exponents of translation-invariant nearest-neighbour Hamiltonians on the square lattice, with finite local dimension, integer interaction matrices and open boundaries. The gap is measured above the entire ground space on an L× L box. The existing exponents in Δ(L)=L⁻ᶻ⁺ᵒ⁽¹⁾ are exactly the nonnegative limit-computable (Δ⁰₂) reals. The finite nonnegative lower/upper exponent pairs are exactly the ordered pairs consisting of a left-Σ⁰₂ real and a left-Π⁰₂ real. In particular, one fixed integer-valued model has exponent equal to the halting probability of any chosen prefix-universal machine. A classical boundary preference fixes a size counter and a computation tableau; a reversible mixed-radix counter supplies the small gap. We bound every sector of the full Hilbert space. The closing modes live on a boundary segment of length O(log L), and the local dimension may depend on the prescribed pair. These are finite-box exponents, with no assertion about bulk dispersion or stability of thermodynamic critical exponents.
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Douglas et al. (2026) studied this question.
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