Key result
Antihypertensive prescriptions achieve ~86% compliance with national and hospital formularies.
Why the study?
To ensure quality services and cost efficiency under the Indonesian National Health Insurance system, antihypertensive drug prescriptions must align with the National Formulary and Hospital Formulary, motivating an evaluation of prescribing compliance at Hospital X.
Observational (n=189)
No
Antihypertensive prescribing compliance with national and hospital formularies at an Indonesian inpatient pharmacy was high at 86.2%, with the 13.8% non-compliance largely driven by off-formulary prescribing of diuretics (furosemide, spironolactone) and tamsulosin for likely comorbid conditions.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports formulary adherence in one Indonesian inpatient setting; leaves open generalizability and outcome effects across facilities.
Background: Around 1.28 billion adults worldwide suffer from hypertension, which is an increasingly serious health problem. According to the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI), the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia is 34.7% in women and 26.9% in men. To ensure quality services and cost efficiency, all drug prescriptions in healthcare facilities must align with the National Formulary (FORNAS) and the Hospital Formulary under the National Health Insurance (JKN) system. Objective: to evaluate the level of compliance of antihypertensive drug prescriptions with FORNAS (Minister of Health Decree No. HK.01.07/MENKES/1199/2025) and the Hospital Formulary in 2025, and to identify types of antihypertensive drugs that do not meet the formulary requirements in the Inpatient Pharmacy of Hospital X. Method: using a descriptive observational design carried out retrospectively. Data were collected from the medical records of 189 patients who received antihypertensive therapy throughout 2025. Data was collected from the medical records of 189 patients who received antihypertensive therapy throughout 2025, totaling 499 antihypertensive prescription items. Purposive sampling was used to gather samples from all prescriptions that met the inclusion criteria. The data was analyzed descriptively, and the prescription appropriateness percentage was calculated using the formula: appropriateness percentage = (number of appropriate antihypertensive prescription items / total number of antihypertensive prescription items) × 100%.Result: that the level of appropriateness of antihypertensive drug prescriptions to the National Formulary (Fornas) and the Hospital Formulary was 86.2% (430 items), while 13.8% (69 items) were not appropriate, mainly in the diuretic group (furosemide and spironolactone), alpha-blockers (tamsulosin), and diltiazem tablets. The Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) and Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB) groups were the most frequently prescribed. Conclusion: Prescription appropriateness at Hospital X is considered high but has not reached 100%, so regular evaluation by the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee is still necessary.
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Sari et al. (2026) conducted an observational in Primary hypertension (essential hypertension) (n=189). Antihypertensive drug prescribing (499 prescription items) vs. Indonesian National Formulary (FORNAS) and Hospital Formulary standards was evaluated on Appropriateness of antihypertensive drug prescriptions to the National Formulary (FORNAS) and Hospital Formulary. Antihypertensive drug prescriptions achieved 86.2% (430 of 499 items) compliance with both the National Formulary and the Hospital Formulary at Hospital X.
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