Effects of sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists in diabetic metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease management

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent chronic liver condition, affecting approximately 30% of the general population. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and MASLD are closely linked, and similar management strategies often apply to both conditions. For example, weight reduction has beneficial effects on both diseases. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists have transformed the treatment landscape of T2DM. Recent evidence suggests that these agents may also provide benefits in MASLD, as they promote weight loss and reduce hepatic fat content. The aim of this minireview is to provide a detailed overview of current literature from clinical and experimental studies regarding the role of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the management of MASLD, with a particular focus on their mechanisms of action, therapeutic efficacy, and impact on liver-related and cardiometabolic outcomes in patients with or at risk for T2DM.