The role of temperament and personality traits in the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from late childhood through adolescence.

= .19 for combined); 8-year stability was higher for boys than girls. Second, hyperactive-impulsive and inattentive symptoms were both negatively correlated with concurrent effortful control and conscientiousness and positively correlated with impulsivity, negative emotionality, and neuroticism; in addition, hyperactive-impulsive symptoms were positively associated with surgency and extraversion. Third, bivariate latent growth curve models showed that the levels and slopes of effortful control (and its facets) and negative emotionality (particularly the frustration, aggression, and depressed mood facets) were significantly related to the levels and slopes of ADHD symptom trajectories. Findings from random-intercept cross-lagged panel models showed that temperament domains and ADHD symptoms had meaningful between- and within-person associations but no significant cross-lagged associations. Associations were stronger for adolescent self-reports of temperament/personality than for mother-reports. Overall, findings highlight connections between temperament and personality traits with ADHD symptoms across adolescence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).