Key Technologies for Industrial Grafting and Seedling Propagation of Kuerle Xiangli

Kuerle Xiangli (Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu) is a high-quality, distinctive pear variety native to Xinjiang, China. The Xinjiang region has a short growing season and a long winter dormancy period. Consequently, traditional seedling propagation methods suffer from issues such as long cycles, low uniformity of seedlings, limited annual growth, and low transplant survival rates. This study utilized 2-year-old betulifolia pear (Pyrus betulifolia Bunge) as rootstock to investigate key technologies for the factory-based grafting and propagation of Kuerle Xiangli, aiming to establish an efficient and controllable technical system. The results indicate that side grafting demonstrated the best overall performance; the established industrialized grafting system achieved higher graft and transplant survival rates, with the seedling growth cycle extended to 9.5 months; 26 °C was the optimal healing temperature, ensuring graft survival while effectively preventing premature root exposure; a composite substrate of garden soil, yellow sand, and organic fertilizer (8:1:1) significantly promoted seedling growth; 30 cm × 35 cm non-woven fabric root-restricted containers strike a balance between seedling growth and production costs; pear rootstocks with a stem diameter of 20–25 mm offer the best overall performance. The integrated application of the aforementioned technical parameters can significantly improve the survival rate and quality of grafted seedlings, providing technical support for the standardized, large-scale, and factory-based production of high-quality large Kuerle Xiangli seedlings.