Location, service disruption and perceived household recovery after Storm Daniel in Volos, Greece

This article examines reported flood damage, basic-service disruption, and perceived personal recovery after Storm Daniel in Volos, Greece. A non-probabilistic survey of 146 residents, conducted two years after the event, assessed material damage, proximity/vulnerability attributions, dwelling age, income, health-related difficulty, basic-needs disruption, institutional support, social-service needs, and perceived recovery. Ordinal and binary logistic regressions complemented descriptive analyses. In an adjusted ordinal model, higher reported damage was associated with stronger retrospective location-related attribution and health-related difficulty, but not with income or dwelling age. Perceived personal recovery was associated with lower damage and basic-needs disruption, higher income, absence of health-related difficulty, and stronger institutional support. Reported damage and basic-needs disruption were also associated with greater odds of reporting a need for social services. The study contributes case-specific evidence on the joint relevance of reported damage, disruption, household resources, and perceived support, rather than identifying causal pathways or independently verifying infrastructure performance. Findings support post-flood needs assessment that supplements visible property damage with screening for basic-service access and the resources needed to recover. The respondent-attribution item concerning stream proximity is not an independent geographic exposure measure and may reflect recall bias. The non-probabilistic, retrospective design limits generalisation and causal inference.