Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Facial Toner: Review Paper

A facial toner is a water-based, non-greasy cosmetic preparation applied after cleansing to remove residual impurities, restore the skin’s natural acidic pH, hydrate and prepare the skin for subsequent products. Conventional toners frequently contain high levels of alcohol, synthetic fragrances and preservatives that may cause dryness, irritation and sensitisation. Growing consumer preference for natural products has therefore increased interest in herbal toners based on plant extracts, hydrosols and botanical actives such as rose, aloe vera, green tea, cucumber, witch hazel, neem and chamomile. This review summarises the physiology of facial skin and the rationale for toner use, the classification of toners, commonly used herbal ingredients and excipients, methods of formulation, and the physicochemical, microbiological, safety and stability parameters used to evaluate herbal facial toners. Regulatory aspects, current challenges and future perspectives are also discussed. The review is intended to serve as a reference for researchers and students involved in the development of safe, stable and effective herbal cosmetic products