The Adaptation of Military Organizations to Changes in the Strategic Environment and the Complexity of Modern Threats

Geopolitical changes, hybrid warfare, cyber threats, and technological acceleration require military organizations to review their strategies, structures, and operational capacities. This study aims to analyze the relationship between strategic environment change and the complexity of modern threats with military organizational adaptation and identify its driving and inhibiting factors. The research applies a systematic literature review based on PRISMA 2020. Publications 2020–2026 were searched through Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using structured keywords, selected based on inclusion-exclusion criteria; 10 selected articles were analyzed through thematic coding and categorization. The synthesis shows adaptive leadership, organizational learning, technological innovation, doctrinal flexibility, and interoperability support adaptation, while rigid bureaucracy and slow decisions hinder it. These findings offer a conceptual basis for an agile, integrated, and resilient military strategy in the face of multidomain threats.