Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive dysfunction of pancreatic beta cells. Regular physical activity is an essential component of its management. Surya Namaskar (Sun Salutation) is a sequence of twelve yoga postures coordinated with breathing that may improve physical fitness and metabolic health. Aim: To review the origin of Surya Namaskar and its potential benefits and safety considerations in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: A narrative review of published literature, including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical practice guidelines, and relevant yoga texts, was undertaken to examine Surya Namaskar, yoga, and physical activity in diabetes management. Results: Evidence from broader yoga interventions suggests potential improvements in glycated heamoglobin, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, cardiovascular fitness, psychological well-being, weight management, and physical function. However, studies specifically evaluating Surya Namaskar are limited, and variations in study protocols restrict definitive conclusions regarding its effectiveness. Safe practice requires appropriate pre-exercise assessment, prevention of low blood glucose, and modifications for individuals with diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, or cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: Surya Namaskar may be an accessible complementary approach to lifestyle management in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, it should not replace prescribed medication, nutritional management, or blood glucose monitoring. Further well-designed clinical trials are required to establish its effectiveness, safety, and long-term benefits.
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2Vd. Ramesh Ujwale 1*Vd. Manisha Kadam (2026) studied this question.
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