A hybrid Lyrebird–Falcon optimization approach for power loss reduction and voltage enhancement in EV-integrated distribution networks

With the increasing use of EVs, there is a need for efficient EV-charging infrastructure along with renewable sources of energy in contemporary distribution systems. Inappropriate placement of EVCSs and DGs results in higher power losses, poor voltage profiles, and system instability. To tackle such issues, a novel framework for EVCS and renewable DG optimal placement and sizing of EVCS and renewable DG using a Hybrid Lyrebird-Falcon Optimization Algorithm is suggested in this paper. This algorithm utilizes the capabilities of both the LOA and FOA algorithms, which can provide a good balance of exploration and exploitation abilities. The main objective of the proposed approach is to minimize active power losses and improve voltage stability. The performance of the proposed framework was tested on IEEE 118 bus systems with various DG structures. Experimental findings show that the new algorithm decreases the power loss significantly from 312.45 to 75.64, 5.12, and 69.82 kW in the Type-I, Type-II, and Type-III scenarios, respectively, with improvement percentages of 87.4%, 96.8%, and 91.4%, respectively. Comparisons with other methods, such as HHO, SMA, and AEO, validate the efficiency and better convergence ability of the new hybrid algorithm in solving problems. It was concluded that the LOA–FOA scheme offers an effective approach for sustainable energy consumption in smart grid systems enabled by EVs.