Digital Twin–Enabled Safety Training and Route Rehearsal for Precast-Component Transportation

Precast components are widely used in modern construction due to their high quality and efficient manufacturing under factory-controlled conditions. However, transportation from the plant to the construction site remains a vulnerable phase, where components may be damaged because of unexpected road conditions or operational errors. These incidents can result in costly delays, material waste, and disturbances to nearby communities. To address these challenges, this study proposes a simulation-based training and planning framework for precast-component transportation. Using Unity, a virtual environment is developed to recreate representative delivery scenarios with varied road constraints and operational risks. Drivers can rehearse transportation tasks under various simulated conditions, helping to build route familiarity and reduce operational mistakes. The simulator also records time-stamped vehicle states, user-control inputs, and safety-related events for post-session review. Building on these recorded data, a conceptual monitoring architecture is presented to demonstrate how acceleration and global positioning system information could be visualized within the three-dimensional environment. The proposed approach supports driver education, route planning, and safety communication, providing a digital foundation for improving logistics efficiency and decision-making in precast-component transportation.