Heat transfer analysis of micropolar blood-based hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching cylinder with thermal radiation

The present work examines the momentum and thermal transport behavior of a micropolar hybrid nanofluid along a permeable stretching cylinder with potential applications in biomedical thermal management systems. The mathematical model incorporates important physical mechanisms, including micropolar fluid, Darcy-Forchheimer flow, porous medium, thermal radiation, and heat source/sink effects. The nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) are simplified into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) form through similarity-variable reformulation; thereafter, the nonlinear ODEs are solved using the bvp4c method in MATLAB software. The results reveal that increasing magnetic field strength suppresses fluid velocity while enhancing temperature distribution due to the action of Lorentz forces. Increasing the micropolar parameter values increases the velocity profile and reduces the energy profile. Furthermore, increasing the thermal radiation and internal heat source/sink parameters raises the temperature profile. Comparative analysis between Ag–Ta/blood and Au–Al2O3/blood hybrid nanofluids indicates that the Au–Al2O3/blood model exhibits superior thermal transport characteristics owing to its enhanced effective thermal conductivity. The present findings provide useful insights into the biomedical cooling technologies, targeted hyperthermia treatment systems, and advanced bio-nanofluidic heat exchange applications.