Multistate Dengue Fever Outbreak in Sudan Amid Ongoing Conflict: A Descriptive Epidemiological Analysis

This study is a descriptive epidemiological analysis of a multistate dengue fever outbreak in Sudan during a period of intense armed conflict and mass displacement. This study is an analysis of national surveillance data conducted using reports collected between August 2024 and July 2025. Variables, including case counts, fatalities, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) per state, were calculated and analyzed with R software 4.2.2 (Version 2025.05.1 + 513). A total of 13,371 cases and 21 fatalities were reported across 10 states. Notably, Khartoum State, a conflict-affected region, recorded the highest number of cases ( n = 8040), while Kassala reported the highest number of deaths ( n = 9). Kassala State documented the highest number of dengue cases among IDPs (472), followed by Khartoum (69). The findings highlight the need for strengthened dengue surveillance and vector control in conflict-affected settings, where disruption of health services may complicate outbreak prevention and response. Not applicable.